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Chris

Christian Kurmann

Dr. sc. techn. 2002, Dipl. Informatik-Ingenieur ETH 1996

I am now working for:

Google Inc.
1600 Amphitheatre Parkway
Mountain View, CA 94043
USA
Phone: +1-650-623-5651
Fax: +1-650-618-1499
e-mail: kurmann_at_computer.org

My former address:

Computer Systems Institute
ETH Zentrum, RZ H16
Clausiusstr. 59
CH-8092 Zürich
Switzerland
Phone: +41-1-632 7317
Fax: +41-1-632 1307
e-mail: kurmann_at_inf.ethz.ch


About me

I am a postdoctoral researcher and lecturer at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) at the Institute for Computer Systems. My doctoral thesis under the supervision of Prof. Thomas M. Stricker in the Parallel and Distributed Systems Research Group focuses the area of parallel and distributed computing with component object middleware (e.g. CORBA) and clusters of commodity PCs (CoPs). I am especially interested in high performance communication systems and high speed networking in clusters where the aim of our work is to improve the overall efficiency in parallel and distributed systems by solving communication performance problems of system software and middleware. Our zero-copy TCP/IP implementation for Linux shows, that an efficient zero-copy regime is difficult to introduce but possible. An extention of the zero-copy paradigm to distributed object middleware (DOM) like CORBA leads to very efficient distributed applications.

After finishing high school in St.Gallen, I worked as an analyst and programmer at Bühler AG Uzwil, after which I started my computer science studies at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich. After an internship at Control Design and Development Ltd in Peterborough, England, and a term project about Elastic Deformable Contours in Image Segmentation (available in German) I graduated in 1996 with my Diploma thesis on Compression Domain Volume Rendering for Distributed Environments (available in German) in the area of Fast Wavelet Based Volume Rendering where I implemented parts of the Experimental Volume Visualization Environment - EVOLVE.

A detailed Curriculum Vitae is available over the Web.


Projects

- The CoPs-Project: Clusters of PCs, our umbrella project

 Our CoPs-Project investigates architectural and operating system support for parallel and distributed computing on PC clusters interconnected with a Gigabit/sec network. Recent projects unter the umbrella of CoPs are the following:
 -  Zero Copy Enabled Gigabit Ethernet
Clusters of Personal Computers (CoPs) offer the best compute performance at the lowest price. Workstations with 'Gigabit networking to the Desktop' can enable a new game of multimedia applications that benefit from higher communication bandwidth and lower latency. In order to reach the full Gigabit/s speed on normal PCs with their typically weak memory subsystems requires either additional hardware for protocol processing or alternatively a highly efficient software system that circumvents data copies. We successfully introduced speculation techniques into system software design and managed to implement a clean zero-copy solution entirely in software that runs with commodity network interface cards (NICs).
 -  Distributed Object Packages for CoPs and their Performance (Zero Copy CORBA).
Since the zero copy principle is applicable to all levels of software, we extend the zero copy design from low level drivers to middleware packages like CORBA or MPI. We implemented a prototype of a data intensive application, that is properly modeled by parallel objects in CORBA and still strictly adheres to the zero copy regime of a highly efficient software implementation running on Clusters of PCs.
 - Xibalba, our recent work in computer architecture
Xibalba is a 128 x 1GHz multiboot cluster, which is used for a variety of research within the departement of computer science. The systems is based on commodity PC hardware connected by a Gigabit networking technology with good scalability for several applications in scientific computing, distributed databases and everyday computing.
 -  ECT memperf - Extended Copy Transfer Characterization
ECT memperf is a Memory Performance Characterization Toolkit and Benchmark. The method allows to characterize the performance of memory systems by capturing two aspects of the memory hierarchy. First its behavior with temporal locality by varying the working set size and second the spatial locality by varying the access pattern.
 -  Patagonia CloneSys and Dolly
CloneSys is a free tool to install multi-boot environments by partition cloning. Using the streaming tool dolly, which implements a multi-drop chain, the tool provides a very efficient method to distribute OS-images. The CloneSys tool is especially usefull for Cluster Installations. It is used at our CS-Departement to maintain more than 100 Multiboot Student-PCs as well as the Xibalba- and CoPs-Cluster.
 -  A Comparative Study of Gigabit Networking Technologies for PCI Bus Based PCs
Several commercial Gigabit interconnect technologies are emerging due to the results of the intensive research with the NSF Gigabit Networking testbeds. A fair comparison of these different network technologies needs a common denominator as a basis. We propose to carry out a comparison at three different levels: (1) simple remote load/store operations, (2) message passing libraries and (3) standard IP over LAN networking. Our comparison includes the two Gigabit Interconnects for the PCI bus that are targeted at clusters of PCs, Myrinet and Dophin SCI. Just for a reference the interconnect technology of the SGI/Cray T3D is evaluated with the same benchmarks.

- Our Computerlab with View over Zürich
- A view HOWTOs for the ETH-internal usage of the CS-ZZ-Cluster


Lectures and Student Projects

- Computer Systems Performance Analysis and Benchmarking: Course Homepage

  My course about Performance Evaluation discusses techniques for experimental design, measurement, simulation, and modeling. It is based on a text book of Ray Jain.
We will first discuss the importance of the different metrics for the performance of the processor, the memory system, the communication system and the I/O system. After a brief look at a few theoretical tools, we will examine common industrial benchmark suites like the SPEC benchmarks, the SPLASH suite for shared memory parallel systems and the TP benchmark series for transaction processing systems. After completing this course you will have a better understanding of the important performance metrics that characterize modern computer systems, how to tune software for these systems and a sound technical background for equipment selection.

- Digitaltechnik Course Homepage
- Systemprogrammierung Course Homepage
- Informatik II Course Homepage

- Current term projects (Semesterarbeiten) and master theses (Diplomarbeiten)
- Past student projects supervised by myself:
 Master Theses:
 -Urs Hardegger (WS01/02): Realtime MPEG-Transcoding with parallel CORBA-Objects
 -Raul Adorean Silaghi (SS00): Memory Access Patterns of Scientific Codes
 -Michael Keller (WS99/00): CORBA with Direct Deposit Communication over Gigabit Ethernet
 -Irina Chihaia (SS99): Zero-Copy Message Passing for Gigabit Ethernet Networks under Linux
 -Roman Roth (WS98/99): Message Passing and Distributed Shared Memory with Zero-Copy
 -Michel Müller (WS98/99): Speculative Zero-Copy TCP/IP over Gigabit Ethernet
 -Christopher Vinckier (SS98): Distributed Shared Memory with Myrinet
 -Kurt Marlein (SS98): Zero-Copy Ethernet Communication
 Term Projects:
 -Roland Scheidegger (WS01/02): Extentions for the ECT-memperf Benchmark
 -Ralph Brunner (WS01/02): Video Streaming Backend for a Realtime MPEG-Transcoder
 -Michel Dänzer (WS01/02): Zero-Copy Remote Deposit with Gigabit Ethernet
 -Christian Gloor (SS00), Software Flow Control for Zero-Copy Communication with Gigabit Ethernet
 -Matthias Ackermann (WS99/00): Zero-Copy Message Passing with Gigabit/s Netzworks
 -Christian Widmer (WS99/00): Implementation of a low latency Ethernet-Packet-Switch
 -Rolf Laich (SS99): Flow Control with switched Gigabit Ethernet
 -Thomas Tschudin (SS99): Zero-Copy Gigabit Ethernet for Windows
 -Daniel Folly (WS98/99): Network System Performance Evaluation
 -Roman Roth (SS97): Message Passing on PC-Clusters: A Performance-Study
 -Thomas Vyskocil (SS97): PVM and MPI on PC-Clusters: A Performance-Evaluation
 -Miroslav Tafra (SS97): Self-Scaling Benchmarks
 -Christian Limpach (SS97): Postscript Optimizer for Internet-Publications

Private HomepageTo my Homepage

Publications

Ch. Kurmann: Zero Copy Strategies for Distributed CORBA Objects in Clusters of PCs.
Diss ETH No. 14950, Institute for Computer Sytems, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, December 2002, Zuerich, Switzerland. Published by Hartung Gorre Verlag Konstanz, Germany, ISBN 3-89649-830-4, ISSN 1611-0943.
For a reprint see ETH-14950.

Ch. Kurmann and T. Stricker: Zero-Copy for CORBA - Efficient Communication for Distributed Object Middleware
Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing (HPDC12), Seattle, Washington, June 22-24, 2003.
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].

Ch. Kurmann, F. Rauch and T. Stricker: Cost/Performance Tradeoffs in Network Interconnects for Clusters of Commodity PCs
Workshop on Communication Architecture for Clusters (CAC'03) held in conjunction with Int'l Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS '03), Nice, France, April 22-26, 2003
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].

Ch. Kurmann, F. Rauch and T. Stricker: Cost/Performance Tradeoffs in Network Interconnects for Clusters of Commodity PCs - Extended Version
Technical Report No.339, Computer Science Department, ETH Zürich, 2003. (This is an enhanced version of the CAC03 Paper.)
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].

Ch. Kurmann, F. Rauch and T. Stricker: Speculative Defragmentation - Leading Gigabit Ethernet to True Zero-Copy Communication
Cluster Computing: The Journal of Networks, Software Tools and Applications . Volume 4, Issue 1, page 7-18, March 2001, © Kluwer Academic Publishers
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].

Ch. Kurmann, M. Muller, F. Rauch and T. Stricker: Speculative Defragmentation - A Technique to Improve the Communication Software Efficiency for Gigabit Ethernet
Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computering HPDC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, August 1-4, 2000.
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].
Talk: [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ], [ HTML ].

Ch. Kurmann, M. Muller, F. Rauch and T. Stricker: Improving the Network Interfaces for Gigabit Ethernet in Clusters of PCs by Protocol Speculation
Technical Report No.339, Computer Science Department, ETH Zürich, 2000. (This is an enhanced version of the HPDC9 Paper.)
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].

F. Rauch, Ch. Kurmann, T. Stricker: Partition Repositories for Partition Cloning - OS Independent Software Maintenance in Large Clusters of PCs
Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing 2000, Chemnitz, Germany, Nov 28 - Dec 2, 2000.
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].
Talk: [ acrobat ], [ postscript ], [ compressed postscript ].

F. Rauch, Ch. Kurmann, T. Stricker: Optimizing the Distribution of Large Data Sets in Theory and Practice
Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, Volume 14, Issue 3, page 165-181, April 2002. © John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].

F. Rauch, Ch. Kurmann, T. Stricker: Partition Cast - Modelling and Optimizing the Distribution of Large Data Sets in PC Clusters
European Conference on Parallel Computing, Euro-Par 2000, Munich, Germany, August 29 - Sept 1, 2000. Distinguished paper published in Euro-Par 2000 - Parallel Processing, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1900, Arndt Bode and Thomas Ludwig (Editors), Springer, ISBN 3-540-67956.
A similar paper appeared as technical report No. 343, Department of Computer Science, ETH Zürich.
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].

F. Rauch, Ch. Kurmann, B. M. Müller-Lagunez, T. M. Stricker: Patagonia - A Dual Use Cluster of PCs for Computation and Education
Proceedings of the second workshop on Cluster-Computing, 25-27 March, 1999, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Available formats: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].
Talk: [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].

Ch. Kurmann, T. Stricker: SCI Based Cluster Computing: Scalable Coherent Interface versus Myrinet
Book-Chapter in SCI Based Cluster Computing, H. Hellwagner and A. Reinefeld, eds., Springer, Berlin, 1999
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].

Ch. Kurmann, T. Stricker: A Comparison of two Gigabit SAN/LAN technologies: Scalable Coherent Interface versus Myrinet
Proceedings of the SCI Europe'98 Conference, EMMSEC'98, 28-30 Sept 1998, Bordeaux, France. (Short Version of the Article in SCI Based Cluster Computing)
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].
Talk: [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].

Ch. Kurmann, T. Stricker: Characterizing memory system performance for local and remote accesses in high end SMPs, low end SMPs and clusters of SMPs
7th Workshop on Scalable Memory Multiprocessors held in conjunction with ISCA98, June 27-28, 1998, Barcelona, Spain.
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].
Talk: [ Acrobat ], [ Postscript ], [ compressed Postscript ].

L. Lippert, M. H. Gross, Ch. Kurmann: Compression Domain Volume Rendering for Distributed Environments
Proceedings of the Eurographics '97, COMPUTER GRAPHICS forum, Vol. 14, No. 3, Sept 4-8, 1997, Budapest, Hungary.
A similar paper appeared as Technical Report No. 263, Computer Science Department, ETH Zürich, 1997.
Available files: [ Abstract ], [ Acrobat ], [ compressed Postscript ].


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